Do I need ACL surgery?
Not everyone does. In a randomized trial of young active adults, starting with structured rehabilitation and having surgery only if needed gave results similar to early surgery at two years (Frobell, 2010).
Surgery is more often discussed if your knee keeps giving way, if you play sports with cutting and pivoting, or if you also have a repairable meniscus tear. Age, sport, goals, and exam findings all matter, and the decision is one you make together with your surgeon.
What happens in ACL surgery?
A torn ACL usually can’t heal on its own, so the surgeon replaces it with a graft through small incisions, using a camera inside the knee. Any meniscus or cartilage damage found can be treated at the same time.
Choosing a graft
Common choices are your own patellar tendon, hamstring tendon, or quadriceps tendon, or donor tissue. Each has trade-offs that depend on your age, sport, and knee. Younger athletes are often steered toward their own tissue.
When the knee needs more
Revision surgery after a failed ACL reconstruction, or a knee with several torn ligaments, often needs a different plan. This might include a staged operation or added stabilizing procedures.
When can I return to sport?
Time and testing both matter. In one study of 106 pivoting-sport athletes, reinjury risk fell 51% for each month that return to sport was delayed, up to nine months after surgery. Beyond that, waiting longer showed no added benefit (Grindem, 2016).
Most people do get back to activity, but not all reach their old level. A review of 7,556 participants found that on average 81% returned to any sport, 65% to their preinjury level, and 55% to competitive sport (Ardern, 2014). Individual results vary.
Where can I be seen?
Dr. Pareek sees ACL patients at HSS in New York and at HSS in New Jersey. Bring any MRI images and reports you already have.
Already told you need surgery and want another view? Here’s how a second opinion works.
Sources
- Frobell RB, et al. A randomized trial of treatment for acute anterior cruciate ligament tears. N Engl J Med 2010;363:331-42.
- Grindem H, et al. Simple decision rules can reduce reinjury risk by 84% after ACL reconstruction. Br J Sports Med 2016;50:804-8.
- Ardern CL, et al. Fifty-five per cent return to competitive sport following ACL reconstruction surgery. Br J Sports Med 2014;48:1543-52.
